家乡新面貌

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Pollution: An Increasing Concern in China You should write at least 120 words following the outline below in Chinese.

说明：在这部分，你可以用30分钟的时间写一篇作文，题目是：污染：中国日益严重的问题。你应该按照以下提纲用中文写至少120个单词。

1.中国的污染的现状

2.造成污染的原因

3.解决的办法

Pollution: An Increasing Concern in China

污染：中国日益关注的问题

It is reported that ten big cities in China are being ranked among the top twenty cities with the highest pollution index in the world. This means it is high time we did something to bring the situation under control.

据报道，中国的十个大城市被列为世界上污染指数最高的前二十名城市。这意味着现在是我们采取措施控制局势的时候了。

Many factors are contributing to the deteriorating situation: industrial wastes pumped into the air, the lakes and rivers; a increasing number of automobiles crowding into the streets; the widespread use of plastic bags etc.

许多因素导致了局势的恶化：工业废物被排入空气、湖泊和河流；越来越多的汽车涌入街道；塑料袋的广泛使用等。

To my view, stiffer laws and regulations must be implemented to check pollution. Industries that release wastes without permission should be heavily fined. Cars should be equipped to minimize the exhaust they release into the air. And the use of plastic bags and disposable meal boxes should be banned. What's more, the media should play an important role in implanting a sense of environmental consciousness into people's mind.

在我看来，必须实施更严格的法律法规来控制污染。未经许可排放废物的行业应被处以重罚。汽车的装备应尽量减少排放到空气中的废气。此外，应禁止使用塑料袋和一次性餐盒。更重要的是，媒体应该在将环境意识植入人们的头脑中发挥重要作用。

If everybody works toward a common goal of making the environment better, we can create a cleaner and lovelier world for us and for the coming generation.

如果每个人都朝着改善环境的共同目标努力，我们就能为我们和下一代创造一个更清洁、更有爱的世界。

Cheongsam is not only a symbol of traditional Chinese clothing, but also one of the classics of the world’s clothing culture.

旗袍不仅是中国传统服饰的象征，也是世界服饰文化的经典之一。

Cheongsam, a traditional costume of Chinese was popular in the Republic of China, and the government identified it as a national dress in 1929. After the 50s, cheongsam gradually became deserted in Chinese mainland. After the 80s, cheongsam was renewed. In May 23, 2011, the cheongsam handicraft production was listed among national intangible cultural heritage.

旗袍是中华民国流行的一种中国传统服装，政府于1929年将其确定为民族服装。50年代后，旗袍在中国大陆逐渐被遗弃。80年代后，旗袍被更新了。2011年5月23日，旗袍工艺品被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。

Cheongsam can be said that a representative of women's clothing or a symbol. It was designed on the basis of Manchu women's traditional flag clothing combined with Western culture. In the eyes of some Westerners, cheongsam has the symbolic meaning ofChinese women's clothing culture.

旗袍可以说是女性服饰的代表或象征。它是在满族妇女传统服饰的基础上结合西方文化设计的。在一些西方人看来，旗袍具有中国女性服饰文化的象征意义。

Cheongsam not only plays a special and significant role in the vast Chinese civilization, but has also been pursued by fashion people. National costumes will be integrated in to the spiritual characteristics of the nation, cheongsam is a good reflection of the Chinese moral values. Cheongsam has both fashion elements and national characteristics. Over the past century, according to the development of people’s taste, cheongsam has been slightly changed in the unpredictable trend of fashion. At present, Cheongsam remains in an irreplaceable position, enough for us to seethe Chinese people’s special feelings of the cheongsam.

旗袍不仅在浩瀚的中华文明中扮演着特殊而重要的角色，也受到时尚人士的追捧。民族服饰将融入到民族的精神特征中，旗袍是中国人道德价值观的良好体现。旗袍既有时尚元素，又有民族特色。在过去的一个世纪里，根据人们体验的发展，旗袍在变幻莫测的时尚潮流中略有改变。目前，旗袍仍然处于不可替代的地位，足以让我们看到中国人对旗袍的特殊感受。

As a Chinese girl, I like cheongsam very much. I hope to protect the Chinese cultural heritage and march onto the world stage in cheongsam.

作为一个中国女孩，我非常喜欢旗袍。我希望保护中国文化遗产，穿旗袍登上世界舞台。

We cannot travel every path. Success must be won along one line. We must make our business the one life purpose to which every other must be subordinate.

我们不可能把每条路都走一遍。成功必须执着于一条道路才能获得成功。我们必须有一个终生追求的目标，其他的则从属于这个目标。

I hate a thing done by halves. If it be right, do it boldly. If it be wrong, leave it undone.

我痛恨做事半途而废。如果这件事是对的，就大胆勇敢地去做；如果这件事不对，就不要去做。

The men of history were not perpetually looking into the mirror to make sure of their own size. Absorbed in their work they did it. They did it so well that the wondering world sees them to be great, and labeled them accordingly.

历史长河中的伟人并不是靠终日瞻观镜中的自己来衡量自身的形象的。他们的形象来自对事业全身心的投入与追求。他们是如此的卓越超凡，于是芸芸众生觉得他们很伟大，并因此称他们为伟人。

To live with a high ideal is a successful life. It is not what one does, but what one tries to do, that makes a man strong. "Eternal vigilance is the price of liberty." it has been said, with equal truth it may be said, "Unceasing effort is the price of success." If we do not work with our might, others will and they will outstrip us in the race, and pluck the prize from our grasp.

怀着崇高的理想生活是一种成功的生活。使人坚强的不是一个人所做的，而是一个人所努力做的。有人说过：“永远的警惕是自由的代价。”，同样的道理也可以说：“不懈的努力是成功的代价”。如果我们不竭尽全力，其他人就会在比赛中超过我们，并从我们手中夺走奖品。

Success grows less and less dependent on luck and chance. Self-distrust is the cause of most of our failures.

成功越来越不依赖于运气和巧合。丧失自信是我们失败的主要原因。

The great and indispensable help to success is character. Character is a crystallized habit, the result of training and conviction. Every character is influenced by heredity, environment and education. But these apart, if every man were not to be a great extent the architect of his own character, he would be a fatalist, and irresponsible creature of circumstances.

性格是成功不可或缺的重要因素。性格是一种固化成形的习惯，是训练和信念的结果。每个性格都受到遗传、环境和教育的影响。但除此之外，如果每个人在很大程度上都不是自己性格的建筑师，他将是宿命论者，是环境的不负责任的产物。

Instead of saying that man is a creature of circumstance, it would be nearer the mark to say that man is the architect of circumstance. From the same materials one man builds palaces, another hovel. Bricks and mortar are mortar and bricks, until the architect can make them something else.

与其说人是环境的创造者，不如说人是环境的建筑师更贴切些。同样的材料，有人能用其建造出宫殿，而有人只能建成简陋的小屋。在建筑师将其变成他物之前，砖泥依然是砖泥。

The true way to gain much is never to desire to gain too much.

想得到的多就永远不要奢望太多。

Wise men don't care for what they can't have.

智者不会在意他们得不到的东西。

Far and away the most important holiday in China is Spring Festival, also known as the Chinese New Year. To the Chinese people it is as important as Christmas to people in the West. the dates for this annual celebration are determined by the lunar calendar rather than the Gregorian calendar, so the timing of the holiday varies from late January to early February.

中国最重要的节日是春节，也就是中国的新年。对中国人来说，这和圣诞节对西方人一样重要。这个一年一度的庆祝活动的日期是由阴历而不是公历决定的，因此节日的时间从1月下旬到2月上旬不等。

To the ordinary Chinese, the festival actually begins on the eve of the lunar New Year's Day and ends on the fifth day of the first month of the lunar calendar. But the 15th of the first month, which normally is called the Lantern Festival, means the official end of the Spring Festival in many parts of the country.

对普通中国人来说，这个节日实际上从农历新年前夕开始，到农历正月初五结束。但正月十五（通常称为元宵节）意味着中国许多地区春节的正式结束。

The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is when all family members get together, just like Christmas in the West. All people living away from home go back, becoming the busiest time for transportation systems of about half a month from the Spring Festival. Airports, railway stations and long-distance bus stations are crowded with home returnees.

春节是中国人最重要的节日，是所有家庭成员聚在一起的时候，就像西方的圣诞节一样。所有住在外地的人都会回家，这将成为距离春节半个月左右交通系统最繁忙的时候。机场、火车站和长途汽车站挤满了返乡者。

The Spring Festival falls on the 1st day of the 1st lunar month, often one month later than the Gregorian calendar. It originated in the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600 BC-c. 1100 BC) from the people's sacrifice to gods and ancestors at the end of an old year and the beginning of a new one.

春节在农历一月一日，通常比公历晚一个月。它起源于商朝（约公元前1600年至公元前1100年），起源于人们在旧年结束和新一年开始时对神灵和祖先的祭祀。

Strictly speaking, the Spring Festival starts every year in the early days of the 12th lunar month and will last till the mid 1st lunar month of the next year. Of them, the most important days are Spring Festival Eve and the first three days. The Chinese government now stipulates people have seven days off for the Chinese Lunar New Year.

严格来说，每年的春节从农历十二月初开始，一直持续到次年的农历一月中旬。其中，最重要的日子是春节前夕和前三天。中国政府现在规定，中国农历新年有七天假期。

Many customs accompany the Spring Festival. Some are still followed today, but others have weakened.

春节有许多习俗。有些人今天仍在关注，但其他人已经减弱。

On the 8th day of the 12th lunar month, many families make laba porridge, a delicious kind of porridge made with glutinous rice, millet, seeds of Job's tears, jujube berries, lotus seeds, beans, longan and gingko.

在农历十二月初八，许多家庭都会做腊八粥，这是一种美味的粥，由糯米、小米、薏米籽、枣子、莲子、豆类、龙眼和银杏制成。

The 23rd day of the 12th lunar month is called Preliminary Eve. At this time, people offer sacrifice to the kitchen god. Now however, most families make delicious food to enjoy themselves.

农历12月23日称为初夜。此时，人们向灶神献祭。然而，现在大多数家庭都制作美味的食物来享受。

After the Preliminary Eve, people begin preparing for the coming New Year. This is called "Seeing the New Year in".

初夜过后，人们开始为即将到来的新年做准备。这就是所谓的“新年快乐”。

Store owners are busy then as everybody goes out to purchase necessities for the New Year. Materials not only include edible oil, rice, flour, chicken, duck, fish and meat, but also fruit, candies and kinds of nuts. What's more, various decorations, new clothes and shoes for the children as well as gifts for the elderly, friends and relatives, are all on the list of purchasing.

商店老板那时很忙，因为每个人都出去购买新年必需品。材料不仅包括食用油、大米、面粉、鸡、鸭、鱼和肉，还包括水果、糖果和各种坚果。此外，各种装饰品、给孩子的新衣服和鞋子，以及给老人、朋友和亲戚的礼物都在购买清单上。

Before the New Year comes, the people completely clean the indoors and outdoors of their homes as well as their clothes, bedclothes and all their utensils.

在新年到来之前，人们会彻底清洁家里的室内外，以及衣服、床上用品和所有用具。

Then people begin decorating their clean rooms featuring an atmosphere of rejoicing and festivity. All the door panels will be pasted with Spring Festival couplets, highlighting Chinese calligraphy with black characters on red paper. The content varies from house owners' wishes for a bright future to good luck for the New Year. Also, pictures of the god of doors and wealth will be posted on front doors to ward off evil spirits and welcome peace and abundance.

然后，人们开始装饰他们干净的房间，营造出欢乐和喜庆的气氛。所有的门板都将贴上春联，用红纸上的黑字突出中国书法。内容从房主对美好未来的祝愿到新年的好运都不尽相同。此外，门神和财神的照片将张贴在前门，以驱邪，迎接和平与富足。